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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. H. BRADFORD. APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING 'GAPSIZING 0P BOATS.

No. 595,804. Patented De0.21, 1897.

WI TNESSIS. INVEN T0]? 4 A A d rronnsm- (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. H. BRADFORD.

APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING GAPSIZING 0F BOATS. No. 595,804. Patented Deo.2 1,189'7.

WITNESSt'S." INVEN T0}? Z A TTOHNEYJI UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WVILLIAM HENRY BRADFORD, OF CHESTER, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING CAPSIZING OF BOATS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 595,804, dated December 21, 1897.

Application filed t 'b -1'7, 1896. Serial No. 606,152. (No model.) Patented in England February 10, 1896, No. 2,959-

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, WILLIAM HENRY BRAD- ing had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts wherever found throughout the several views.

This invention relates to means for preventing sail-boats, row-boats, and other vessels from capsizing or upsetting, and the same for which Letters Patent were granted in Great Britain on the 10th day of February, 1896, No. 2,959.

The invention consists of a number of airtight cases or receptacles or similar devices, which are preferably composed of sheet metal and which are securely attached to the outer sides of the gunwales or railings of boats or vessels or to the ends and sides thereof in such manner that they act as levers or cushions to return the boat or vessel to an upright position when thrown accidentally or otherwise on its sides or beams.

The invention is fully disclosed in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawings form a part, in which- Figure 1 is a side View of a decked vessel provided with my improvement; Fig. 2, a plan View thereof; Fig. 3, a side view of an open boat provided with my improvement, and Fig. 4 a plan view thereof.

In the practice of my invention I provide hermetically-sealed air receptacles or cases A, and these may be secured to the vessel V by means of bolts B, any number of which may be employed. And I also employ receptacles O, which are secured to the side of the vessel by means of keepers c, which are connected therewith and also with the railing or upright rods 0 In this construction when the vessel is thrown to one side the receptacles C will act as levers to return the vessel to its proper position, and it will also be understood that in case the vessel should be capsized the air-receptacles A, in combination with the receptacles C, will act to return the vessel to an upright position, so that it cannot remain permanently capsized.

The receptacles C are so arranged on the side of the vessel that suitable gangways E are left, so as not to interfere with the ingress and egress of passengers or merchandise.

In Figs. 3 and 4 I have shown a modified form of construction adapted to be used with an open boat V, and in this construction I secure the receptacles A to cork rests F, which are secured to the side of a boat by means of bolts f, and in this construction the receptacles A are connected to the said cork rests by means of bolts (0, and also by means of a bolt (1 which is passed through the said cork rests and provided at the lower end thereof with an eye a through which a bolt a is passed, which is secured to the vessel. In this construction it will be understood that the receptacles A are placed on the top of the gunwale, and the space beneath can be utilized for the storage of articles, as may be desired. It will also be understood that ropes can be connected with the tiller G in any suitable manner for the'purpose of steering the vessel, and in this construction, as well as that shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the rests F act as levers to return the boat to an upright position whenever it is tilted to one side, and the receptacles A, which in this case are projected beyond the sides of the boat and overlap the cork rests, also aid in returning the boat to an upright position, and in case the boat should be capsized will return the same, so that it cannot remain permanently capsized.

Instead of employing air receptacles or cases I may employ large pieces of cork, which are similarly formed or which may consist of a plurality of corks secured together and connected with the boat, as hereinbefore described.

.It is evident that changes in and modifications of the construction and arrangement of the devices which I employ for preventing the capsizing of the boat may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention or sacrificing its advantages, and I reserve the right to make all such alterations therein and modifications thereof as fairly come within the scope of the invention.

Having fully described my invention, I

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent The herein-described apparatus for preventing the capsizing of boats, comprising air-receptac1es mounted at each end of the boat and transversely of the gunwales, said receptacles being wider than the ends of the said boat, cork bodies secured to the side of said boat beneath said receptacles, and said 10 receptacles being also secured to said cork bodies, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name, in presence of the subscribing Witnesses, this 30th [5 day of July, 1896.

WILLIAM HENRY BRADFORD. WVitnesses:

ARTHUR H. DAVIES, AUSTIN GREGORY. 

